10 Things You Should Know About Macular Degeneration

Macular degeneration, often called age-related macular degeneration (AMD), is a common eye condition that can affect your central vision. It’s the leading cause of vision loss for people over 50. While the diagnosis can be worrying, understanding the condition is the first step toward protecting your sight.

At DC Retina, our nationally-recognized retina specialist is dedicated to providing the most advanced and compassionate care for patients in Silver Spring, Bethesda, Rockville, and throughout the Washington Metro Area. Here are 10 key things everyone should know about macular degeneration.

1. It Affects Your Central Vision

Macular degeneration affects the macula, the small central part of your retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision. This is the vision you use for reading, driving, and recognizing faces. AMD doesn’t typically cause complete blindness because it doesn’t affect your peripheral (side) vision.

2. There Are Two Main Types: Dry and Wet

Dry AMD is the more common form, accounting for about 80-90% of cases. It happens when the macula thins with age, and small protein deposits called drusen build up. Vision loss is usually gradual.

Wet AMD is less common but more severe. It occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow under the retina. These vessels can leak blood and fluid, which scars the macula and can cause rapid, severe vision loss.

3. Early Stages Often Have No Symptoms

In its early stages, AMD may not cause any noticeable symptoms. The changes can be very subtle, which is why regular eye exams are crucial, especially if you have risk factors. Our specialist uses cutting-edge diagnostic technology to detect the earliest signs of the disease before your vision is affected.

4. Know the Warning Signs

As AMD progresses, you might notice symptoms such as:

• Blurry or distorted central vision.
• Straight lines appearing wavy or crooked.
• A dark or empty spot in the center of your vision.
• Difficulty adapting to low light.
• Colors seeming less bright.

If you experience any of these changes, it’s important to see a retina specialist right away.

5. Several Factors Increase Your Risk

Some risk factors for AMD are out of your control, while others are not.

• Age: The biggest risk factor. The disease is most common in people over 60.
• Genetics: A family history of AMD increases your risk.
• Smoking: Smoking doubles your risk of developing AMD.
• Lifestyle: Poor diet, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol can contribute.

6. Diagnosis is Painless and Advanced

Our specialist at DC Retina uses state-of-the-art diagnostic tools to diagnose and monitor AMD. Technologies like Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) create a detailed cross-section map of your retina, while Fluorescein Angiography (FFA) uses a special dye to see the blood vessels in your eye. These tests are quick, painless, and help us create the perfect treatment plan for you.

7. Treatment Can Preserve Your Vision

There is currently no cure for AMD, but modern treatments can significantly slow its progression and, in many cases, preserve your vision.

For dry AMD, a specific formula of vitamins and minerals called AREDS2 may be recommended to slow the disease.

For wet AMD, the standard of care is a treatment called Anti-VEGF injections. These medicated injections help stop the growth of leaky blood vessels. Our fellowship-trained specialist, Dr. Joshua Fernandes, have decades of combined experience with these advanced treatments.

8. A Healthy Lifestyle Can Help

Making healthy choices can help lower your risk of developing AMD or slow its progression. This includes not smoking, eating a diet rich in leafy greens and fish, maintaining a healthy weight, and protecting your eyes from UV sunlight with sunglasses.

9. Low Vision Aids Can Make a Difference

If vision loss from AMD impacts your daily life, low vision aids can help you stay independent. These tools include magnifiers, special lighting, large-print reading materials, and electronic devices designed to assist with vision.

10. You’re Not Alone

A diagnosis of macular degeneration can feel overwhelming, but you don’t have to face it alone. Our dedicated team at DC Retina is here to support you with expert care and guidance. We are committed to helping you understand your condition and manage it effectively to protect your precious sight for years to come.

Schedule Your Consultation Today

If you have concerns about your vision or a family history of macular degeneration, don’t wait. Early detection is key. Our clinic is conveniently located in Silver Spring, MD, right off the beltway and within walking distance of the Forest Glen Metro stop, with free parking available. We proudly serve all of Montgomery County and the greater Washington Metro Area. We accept Medicare and most major insurance plans. Contact DC Retina today to schedule your comprehensive eye evaluation.